A significant new regulation aimed at strengthening occupational health and safety across the Kingdom came into full effect last week, requiring employers to implement mandatory fitness examinations for workers.
From 22 April 2026, the Regulation for Occupational Fitness Examinations and Non-Communicable Diseases Examinations has become enforceable, marking a key milestone in Saudi Arabia’s efforts to create healthier and safer workplaces.
The move forms part of the country’s broader Vision 2030 ambitions to modernise labour practices, reduce occupational risks, and promote long-term workforce wellbeing.
The regulation, issued by the National Council for Occupational Safety and Health under the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development (MHRSD), applies to all employees in government entities, private sector establishments, and non-profit organisations.
It covers permanent staff, temporary or seasonal workers, trainees, people with disabilities, and those on remote contracts.
Under the new rules, employers must arrange and ensure the completion of comprehensive occupational fitness examinations conducted by accredited specialists in occupational medicine recognised by the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties.
These assessments evaluate physical, mental, and psychological fitness to ensure employees can safely perform their roles.
Examinations are mandatory in several situations: before starting employment (pre-placement), when changing roles or positions that involve different health and safety risks, following an occupational injury or illness, upon return from extended medical leave, and for periodic monitoring in high-risk professions.
The checks also support the early detection and management of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, and other chronic health issues that could affect workplace performance or safety.
The regulation was published in the Official Gazette (Umm Al-Qura) and followed a 180-day implementation period after its formal adoption via Ministerial Decision 33232.
This grace period allowed employers time to update policies, engage qualified medical providers, and align data protection and human resources processes with the new requirements.
Health and safety experts have welcomed the development.
The examinations go beyond traditional pre-employment medical checks by incorporating a holistic approach that includes mental and psychological wellbeing – areas increasingly recognised as critical to preventing workplace incidents and supporting productivity.
Typical components of the fitness assessment may include clinical examinations, laboratory tests (such as blood analysis and urine screening), and, where clinically indicated, electrocardiograms (for those over 40), chest X-rays, audiometry, or tests for aerobic capacity and musculoskeletal function.
For certain high-risk roles – for example in construction, firefighting, or industrial settings – additional specialised evaluations are required.
By focusing on non-communicable diseases and overall fitness, the regulation aims to reduce occupational illnesses and injuries, lower absenteeism, and contribute to a more resilient labour market.
It aligns with international standards from the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO), while reflecting local priorities under Saudi Arabia’s national occupational safety framework.
Employers are now advised to review their existing health and safety policies, identify workers who may require examinations, and ensure compliance to avoid potential penalties.
Failure to meet the requirements could result in regulatory action, although the emphasis in the initial period is expected to be on guidance and support rather than immediate enforcement.
